@article {80561,
	title = {Effect of green macroalgal blooms on the behavior, growth, and survival of cockles (<i>Clinocardium nuttallii</i>) in Pacific NW estuaries},
	journal = {Marine Ecology Progress Series},
	volume = {582},
	year = {2017},
	note = {This paper examines the effects of algal blooms in Yaquina Bay on a population of cockle clams. Sediment under algal mats lacks dissolved oxygen, and decomposing algae release chemical compounds that affect the clams.  The authors found that macroalgal mats caused cockles to emerge from sediment, and to move away from the algae.  Clams atop the sediment were stressed, vulnerable to predation and particularly vulnerable to temperature stress.  {\textquotedblleft}Regardless of nutrient source, our research demonstrates that macroalgal mats pose a threat to the growth and survival of these intertidal bivalves{\textquotedblright} (p.118). The online link includes access to supplemental videos illustration aspects of the cockle{\textquoteright}s biology.},
	pages = {p.105-120},
	keywords = {aquatic invertebrates, behavior, bivalves, Cockle clam = Clinocardium nuttallii, green algae, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Idaho Flats, Idaho Point (Hinton Point), molluscs, predation, seagulls = Larus spp., Yaquina Bay},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.3354/meps12328  },
	url = {https://www.int-res.com/articles/suppl/m582p105_supp/},
	author = {Lewis, Nathaniel S. and DeWitt, Theodore H.}
}
