| Title | Infection of the heart cockle, Clinocardium nuttallii, from Yaquina Bay, Oregon, with an endosymbiotic alga |
| Publication Type | Journal Article |
| Year of Publication | 1976 |
| Authors | Hartman, M. C., and I. Pratt |
| Secondary Title | Journal of Invertebrate Pathology |
| Volume | 28 |
| Number | 3 |
| Pagination | p.291-299 |
| Keywords | algae, aquatic invertebrates, bivalves, Cockle clam = Clinocardium nuttallii, mollusks, parasites, Symbiosis, Yaquina Bay |
| Notes | Is it symbiosis or parasitism? "The thick layers surrounding the algal cells in situ, the dense colonies, and the in vitro reaction to host extract suggest the alga is parasitic. However, the presence of chloroplasts, the location of the algal cells only in illuminated tissue, the seemingly unhampered reproduction in situ, and the eventual adaptation to mineral medium suggest the alga is a facultative parasite." (from the Abstract) |
| Series Title | Journal of Invertebrate Pathology |
